写的:
Vice President, 发现 Biology, 发现 Sciences, R&D、澳门在线赌城娱乐
澳门在线赌城娱乐基因组学研究中心(CGR)副总裁兼主管&D、澳门在线赌城娱乐
近年来, 研究界已经从DNA测序的进步和帮助澳门第一赌城在线娱乐识别基因变异的新技术中获得了相当多的知识, 因此, novel drug targets for the chronic diseases we aim to treat, prevent and even one day potentially cure.
精准医疗——在正确的时间为正确的病人提供正确的药物——现在是澳门第一赌城在线娱乐药物发现方法的基础. But before we can start thinking about new medicines, 澳门第一赌城在线娱乐必须掌握驱动这种表现的潜在复杂生物机制, evolution and progression of the chronic diseases we’re focusing on.
继续读下去，了解澳门第一赌城在线娱乐如何深入研究疾病生物学，利用数据网络和创新技术，而不仅仅是为了发现更有可能成功的新药物靶点, 但也要描述最有可能从治疗创新中受益的患者亚群.
We’re deriving new discoveries from extensive data sets, 应用人工智能, machine learning and advanced imaging to expedite our research, and creating biological models that are more reflective of human disease. 这一切都是澳门第一赌城在线娱乐的雄心壮志的一部分，即引领慢性病精准药物的新时代, 推动患者获得更好的治疗结果，为患者和医疗保健系统创造更健康、更可持续的未来.
Finding new discoveries from a wealth of data
Back in 2016, we set a bold ambition to analyse two million genomes by 2026. It’s one of the most ambitious sequencing programmes ever undertaken, 澳门第一赌城在线娱乐的目标是发现新的疾病见解并扩大澳门第一赌城在线娱乐可用的治疗领域. 基因组技术的持续进步正在帮助澳门第一赌城在线娱乐根据慢性病患者的潜在疾病机制来产生遗传表型. 这些信息是确定患者亚群最合适的遗传靶点的关键.
澳门第一赌城在线娱乐的分析平台的可持续性是同行平台的30倍，帮助澳门第一赌城在线娱乐比以往任何时候都更快、更有效地探索疾病. We’re making rapid progress and have already analysed over five petabytes of data, 识别罕见的基因变异, 发现新的目标, and sharing our insights with the research community.
We’re now expanding our research to explore the relationship between DNA, RNA and proteins over the course of disease. By harnessing new technologies we can investigate largely untapped repositories of data from multi-omics 更精确的包括:
- 基因组学 – maps all human genes and their interactions with each other
- 转录组 – reveals which genes are turned on or off within cells
- 蛋白质组学 – determines the type and quantity of protein expressed in cells
- 代谢组学 -提供基于产生的代谢物的细胞活动的知识
While genomics provides a static view, the other ‘omics’ are dynamic and subject to change under different conditions. 它们使澳门第一赌城在线娱乐能够探索更复杂和短暂的分子变化，这些变化支撑着疾病的进程和对药物治疗的反应, creating multi-dimensional models of the whole hierarchical system in healthy, 患病和治疗状态.
This has far-reaching implications for drug discovery, allowing us to spot and validate potential new drug targets, 预测毒性并确定可用于开发诊断测试的生物标志物，以指导现实世界中的治疗.
Accelerating the identification of novel disease targets
We’re combining AI and machine learning to produce 知识图 which analyse billions of pairwise relationships to show connections between gene targets, 表达与疾病. 知识图谱可以揭示未探索的疾病模式，并且由于它们捕获的信息的广度，与大多数用于目标识别的其他方法相比，被认为偏差较小. They also continually evolve as new information is added, 创造一种疾病的“活地图”，澳门第一赌城在线娱乐可以通过它来识别新的疾病目标. A human could never achieve this level of analysis and insight alone, even if working solidly throughout their whole careers!
自2019年以来, 澳门第一赌城在线娱乐一直在与BenevolentAI合作，将知识图谱应用于一系列未满足患者需求的慢性疾病, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, 慢性肾病, systemic lupus erythematosus and heart failure. 澳门第一赌城在线娱乐已经确定了三种新的疾病靶点，并将它们纳入澳门第一赌城在线娱乐的管道进行进一步探索.
Creating biological models more reflective of human disease
Once we’ve identified a gene we believe could be responsible for a disease, we check its function within a relevant biological model. 澳门第一赌城在线娱乐的科学家, alongside our collaborators at BenevolentAI, have used this Functional 基因组学 approach to identify five new drug targets during 2021.
澳门第一赌城在线娱乐在功能基因组学中使用的一项关键技术是CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑，它将特定的变化引入基因中-去除, 增加, or changing the DNA code to reflect the same genetic changes that occur in the diseased state. 使用CRISPR，澳门第一赌城在线娱乐可以更接近地重现现实环境，并测试澳门第一赌城在线娱乐的候选药物是否达到预期的反应.
在澳门第一赌城在线娱乐利用这项技术之前, it would have taken months if not years to produce cell lines; today we can produce them in a matter of weeks. 这给澳门第一赌城在线娱乐提供了新的机会来瞄准澳门第一赌城在线娱乐怀疑与疾病有关的基因变异.
Harnessing advanced imaging technologies to see chronic diseases more clearly
先进的成像技术正在揭示在分子水平上定义疾病的细胞过程. We’re harnessing these advances and using them in our clinical trials, redefining endpoints to demonstrate disease modification with targeted treatment.
通过与南安普敦大学的合作澳门第一赌城在线娱乐对慢性阻塞性肺纤维化(COPD)的过程有了更好的了解, an inflammatory condition which restricts airflow from the lungs. 澳门第一赌城在线娱乐的研究人员使用先进的成像技术来比较两种计算机断层扫描(CT)技术，并评估它们与小气道疾病特定生理指标的关系. 新技术可以比传统的扫描方法更有效地检测疾病，因此现在被纳入澳门第一赌城在线娱乐的临床试验设计，以衡量澳门第一赌城在线娱乐的靶向精准药物的效果.
Accelerating towards a better future for people living with chronic diseases
精准医疗将彻底改变澳门第一赌城在线娱乐理解、分类和治疗慢性病的方式. 它提供了更精确的诊断, earlier identification of susceptibility to illness, 更有效, targeted healthcare interventions for patients.
澳门第一赌城在线娱乐已经成功地使用精准医学来选择最佳候选药物，并通过临床开发取得进展, and 80% of our 澳门第一赌城在线娱乐 pipeline now features a precision medicine approach. By harnessing novel technologies in our research and development, we hope to make drug discovery more efficient, helping to improve chronic disease outcomes across the world.
